Protocol Handshake Visualizer
Watch network protocol handshakes unfold step by step with animated sequence diagrams and detailed explanations.
TLS 1.3 Handshake
Transport Layer Security 1.3 establishes an encrypted connection between client and server in just one round trip. Compared to TLS 1.2, the handshake is faster and more secure — it removes legacy cipher suites, encrypts more of the handshake, and enables 0-RTT resumption for repeat connections.
OAuth 2.0 Authorization Code Flow
The OAuth 2.0 Authorization Code flow with PKCE is the recommended grant type for public clients such as single-page apps and mobile applications. The client redirects the user to the authorization server, receives a short-lived authorization code, and exchanges it for access and refresh tokens via a secure back-channel request.
DNS Resolution
The Domain Name System translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses. When you type a URL into your browser, a chain of DNS queries fans out across the internet — from recursive resolver to root server, TLD server, and finally the authoritative nameserver — before a single byte of your webpage is fetched.